Terrorism Scope and Direction

The 911 Commission Report focuses on the specificities of the September 11 terrorist attack and the nature of Al Qaeda as a threat to domestic security. Its scope is narrower in focus than either the National Security Strategy or the National Strategy for Counterterrorism. The National Security Strategy (2015) is the most generalized of these three documents. Issues like climate change, poverty, health, and the economy comingle in the National Security Strategy (2015), which presumes that security requires a multifaceted and complex approach. The National Strategy for Counterterrorism (2011) is more focused than the National Security Strategy (2015), but broader than the 9/11 Commission Report, because it addresses threats from all regions of the globe, including domestic terrorism. In terms of overall direction, these three documents reveal the commitment of the United States government and its various institutions to protecting the interests of the nation and its allies. The 9/11 Commission Report reads more like a narrative, as it includes anecdotes and journalistic reporting directly related to the terrorist attacks. Because it is more detailed and specific than the National Security Strategy and the National Strategy for Counterterrorism, the 9/11 Commission Report centers on the psychological repercussions of terrorism and how to better prepare for future attacks. The National Security Strategy and the National Strategy for Counterterrorism likewise address...

Terrorism is framed in terms of the unique challenges posed by non-state actors. One of the core strategies is remaining vigilant because terrorism is relatively amorphous and less predictable than traditional forms of warfare. Therefore, responses to terrorism threats do not resemble responses to other types of conflict. Other strategies to address terrorism threats include monitoring the financial operations of known terror networks, and using intelligence strategically to recognize the political, social, and financial alliances between known terror groups and their supporters. Financiers of terrorist organizations therefore fall under the rubric of threatening bodies. Strategies to address terrorism threats also include partnering with key allies, especially those with shared interests. Even those whose interests sometimes clash with the United States may share strategic counterterrorism goals. Shared intelligence and resources can promote a sound counterterrorism program. Finally, addressing terrorism threats requires strong national defense strategies. Crisis response remains a critical component of counterterrorism, as the anticipation of and immediate alleviation of a crisis promotes resilience and confidence. The government…